ʻO ke ʻano kānana o ka Ultrafiltration Membrane

ʻO ka ʻenehana membrane Ultrafiltration kahi ʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale membrane e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana a me ka kānana ʻana, me ka ʻokoʻa o ka puʻuwai e like me ka ikaika hoʻokele nui. ʻO kāna kumu nui ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka membrane filtration, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka mana no nā molekele wai e komo i loko o nā pores liʻiliʻi o ka membrane filtration, a pale i nā haumia ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka membrane filtration, e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana kūpono.
ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka membrane ultrafiltration i loko o ka membrane ultrafiltration kaomi kūloko a me ka membrane ultrafiltration kaomi waho e like me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka inlet wai. Hoʻokomo mua ka ʻenehana ultrafiltration membrane puʻe i ka lepo i loko o ka fiber hollow, a laila hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻokoʻa o ka puʻe e hana i nā molekele wai e komo i waho o ka membrane a noho nā haumia i loko o ka membrane hollow fiber. ʻO ka ʻenehana ʻenehana ultrafiltration membrane o waho ke kūʻē i ke kaomi kūloko, ma hope o ke kaomi ʻana, komo nā molekole wai i loko o ka membrane hollow fiber a paʻa ʻia nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe i waho.
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka membrane ultrafiltration i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana membrane ultrafiltration. Hana ʻia ka membrane ultrafiltration me ka polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polysulfone a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā waiwai o kēia mau mea e hoʻoholo ai i nā ʻano o ka membrane ultrafiltration. Ma ke kaʻina hana noi maoli, pono e noʻonoʻo pono nā mea hoʻohana kūpono i ka mahana, ke kaomi hana, ka hua wai, ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka ʻenehana membrane ultrafiltration, i ʻike ai i ka mālama ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā kumu wai.
I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau ʻano kānana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana membrane ultrafiltration: ka kānana hope make a me ka kānana cross-flow.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo kānana hope loa he kānana piha. Ke haʻahaʻa ka mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, turbidity, colloid content i ka wai maka, e like me ka wai paila, ka wai lepo, ka wai ʻili, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole he hoʻolālā koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana pre-treatment ma mua o ka ultrafiltration, hiki i ka ultrafiltration ke hoʻohana i ke ʻano kānana piha. hana. I loko o ka kānana piha ʻana, hele ka wai a pau ma ka ʻili o ka membrane e lilo i hana wai, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea haumia a pau ma ka ʻili membrane. Pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā ʻāpana membrane ma o ka holoi ʻana i ka ea maʻamau, ka holoi ʻana i ka wai a me ka holoi ʻana i mua, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika mau.
Ma waho aʻe o ka kānana make-hope, ʻo ka filtration cross-flow kekahi ʻano kānana maʻamau. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me ka turbidity i ka wai maka, e like me nā papahana hoʻohana hou i ka wai, hoʻohana mau ʻia ke ʻano kānana cross-flow. I ka wā o ka kānana cross-flow, hele kekahi hapa o ka wai inlet ma ka ʻili o ka membrane e lilo i hana wai, a hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao e like me ka wai paʻa, a i ʻole ke kaomi hou ʻia a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka membrane i loko o ke ʻano holo. ʻO ka kānana hoʻoheheʻe keʻa e holo mau ka wai ma ka ʻili o ka membrane. ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe o ka wai e pale ai i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā ʻāpana ma ka ʻili o ka membrane, e hoʻemi i ka mana o ka polarization o ka neʻe ʻana, a hoʻēmi i ka hoʻoheheʻe wikiwiki ʻana o ka membrane.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻenehana ultrafiltration membrane ka maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia ka ʻenehana ultrafiltration membrane e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai haumia i ke kaʻina o ka mālama ʻana i nā kumu wai haumia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka wā e kū nei i ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai haumia, hiki i nā limahana kūpono ke hoʻāʻo e hoʻohui i nā ʻenehana lapaʻau like ʻole. No ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā kumu wai haumia, i hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā kumu wai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.
Ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka wai, ʻaʻole kūpono nā kumu wai haumia a pau no ka mālama ʻana like. Pono nā limahana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka noʻonoʻo o ka hui ʻana o ka ʻenehana membrane ultrafiltration, a koho i ke ʻano lapaʻau kūpono loa no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai. Ma kēia ala wale nō, ma ke kumu o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka pollution wai, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka wai o ka wai haumia ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.